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Nah, sekarang kita bahas lebih mendalam lagi tentang Bidging pada Wireless Point-to-Point Mikrotik.
Untuk dapat membangun jaringan wireless point-to-point pada Mikrotik
diperlukan teknik Bridging pada interface-interface yang digunakan.
Bridge adalah sebuah perangkat antar jaringan yang merelai frame-frame
data dari satu segmen jaringan ke segmen jaringan lain, sehingga
menjadikan segmen-segmen jaringan tersebut muncul sebagai sebuah LAN
tunggal yang besar, yang disebut sebagai extended LAN atau bridged LAN.
Bridge memiliki kemampuan untuk memproses keputusan perelaian/perutean
sebuah frame berada dalam bridge itu sendiri, sehingga transparan
terhadap stasiun-stasiun yang berkomunikasi, sehingga disebut juga
Transparent Bridge. Penggunaan transparent bridge pada wireless
point-to-point Mikrotik dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa mode wireless
yang berbeda pada host (akses poin) dan klien (station).
Ada beberapa mode wireless yang dapat digunakan untuk membangun Wireless Transparent Bridge Mikrotik. Berikut diantaranya :
1. Mode Bridge – Station + EoIP
Wireless P2P pada Mikrotik dengan menggunakan mode Bridge pada AP dan
mode Station pada klien. Station adalah mode standar untuk klien AP yang
tidak mendukung L2 bridging. Penggunaan bridge dengan mode ini tidak
akan memberikan hasil yang diharapkan. Di sisi lain mode ini dapat
dianggap paling efisien dan karenanya harus digunakan jika tidak
menggunakan L2 bridging pada station.
Mode ini dapat digunakan di semua protokol nirkabel, sehingga bisa
dipadukan dengan perangkat selain Mikrotik.
Walaupun tidak mendukung L2 Bridging, namun mode station masih bisa
digunakan untuk membangun jaringan Wireless P2P Mikrotik dengan cara
memadukan mode ini dengan fitur EoIP.
Ethernet over Internet Protocol (EoIP) Tunneling adalah protokol
Mikrotik RouterOS yang membuat ethernet tunnel (terowongan ethernet)
antara dua router pada koneksi IP. EoIP Tunnel adalah protokol Ethernet
sejati yang dikemas pada tingkat IP sehingga menggunakan semacam ini
terowongan antara AP dan Station, sehingga dapat mengirimkan frame
Ethernet penuh.
Teknik ini menyajikan antarmuka virtual pada setiap perangkat (AP dan
station) yang dapat dijembatani bersama-sama untuk membuat transparent
bridge pada sambungan nirkabel.
Interface Ether dan EoIP di-bridge dan interface wlan pada kedua router
diberi Alamat IP lokal satu segmen untuk menghubungkan keduanya melalui
protokol EoIP. Konfigurasi mode ini ditunjukkan pada Gambar berikut ini:
2. Mode Bridge – Station WDS
Station
WDS adalah mode Station yang mendukung fitur Wireless Distribution
System dan L2 bridging. Wireless Distribution System (WDS) adalah sistem
yang memungkinkan interkoneksi nirkabel AP pada jaringan IEEE 802.11.
Hal ini memungkinkan jaringan nirkabel yang akan diperluas menggunakan
beberapa jalur akses tanpa memerlukan backbone kabel untuk menghubungkan
nya, seperti yang diperlukan secara konvensional. Keuntungan utama dari
WDS atas solusi lain adalah bahwa WDS mempertahankan alamat MAC dari
frame klien di seluruh koneksi antar AP.
Konfigurasi pada mode ini dengan membuat interface WDS pada AP baik WDS
statis maupun WDS dinamis. Kemudian pada AP interface WDS di-bridge
dengan Ether, sedangkan pada klien interface Wlan di-bridge dengan
Ether. Namun penggunaan WDS pada wireless P2P memiliki beberapa
kelemahan, yaitu jika koneksi terputus waktu (delay) untuk kembali
terkoneksi lebih lama dan hanya bisa digunakan di RouterOS sehingga
tidak mendukung penggunaan perangkat selain Mikrotik.
3. Mode Bridge – Bridge
Pada mode ini kedua Mikrotik digunakan sebagai AP dengan mode Bridge.
Wireless Distribution System (WDS) digunakan untuk membuat komunikasi
nirkabel antara kedua AP. Sehingga secara umum hampir sama seperti mode
Bridge – Station WDS hanya saja dalam mode ini kedua Mikrotik diset
sebagai Bridge.
Dengan demikian kedua Mikrotik memancarkan sinyal sebagai AP dengan
SSID, band, dan frekuensi yang sama supaya bisa saling terhubung melalui
WDS Link. Karena menggunakan WDS, maka mode ini hanya dapat digunakan
antar perangkat Mikrotik. Konfigurasi mode ini dilakukan dengan membuat
interface WDS dan mengaktifkan fitur WDS pada kedua AP. Kemudian
interface WDS dan Ether di-bridge. Konfigurasi mode ini ditunjukkan pada
Gambar berikut ini :
4. Mode Bridge – Station Pseudobridge
Station Pseudobridge yaitu mode station yang mendukung L2 Bridging namun
hanya satu mac-addresss saja yang bisa aktif di belakang AP, jadi hanya
bisa untuk satu klien saja. Mode ini dapat digunakan pada semua
protokol kecuali Nv2 dan sedapat mungkin dihindari penggunaannya.
Mode ini bisa digunakan jika AP tidak mendukung mode yang lebih baik
untuk L2 bridging (misalnya ketika non-RouterOS AP yang digunakan) atau
jika hanya satu perangkat harus terhubung ke jaringan melalui perangkat
stasiun.
Konfigurasi mode ini dilakukan dengan memilih mode Station-pseudobridge
pada klien. Kemudian interface Wlan dan Ether di-bridge pada AP dan
stasiun. Konfigurasi Wireless Bridge Mikrotik mode Bridge – Station
Pseudobridge dapat dilihat pada Gambar berikut :
5. Mode Bridge – Station Bridge
Mode Station Bridge hanya dapat digunakan pada perangkat dengan sistem
operasi RouterOS. Mode ini menyediakan dukungan untuk L2 bridging pada
perangkat stasiun. Mode ini adalah hak milik MikroTik dan tidak dapat
digunakan untuk menghubungkan perangkat merek lain. Mode ini aman
digunakan untuk L2 bridging dan harus digunakan bila ada alasan yang
cukup untuk tidak menggunakan mode station-wds.
Hal ini relatif stabil, tetapi menambahkan cpu dan overhead memori untuk
paket forwarding, dan tidak seefisien jika tidak menggunakan bridge
sama sekali. Konfigurasi mode ini hampir sama seperti mode Bridge –
Station Pseudobridge, hanya mode pada klien saja yang dirubah ke Station
Bridge, seperti yang terlihat pada Gambar berikut :
Keempat mode tersebut memiliki kelebihan dan kelemahan masing-masing.
Tidak semua protokol nirkabel mendukung mode tersebut, sehingga ada mode
yang tidak bisa digunakan dengan perangkat selain Mikrotik.
Perbandingan mode Wireless Mikrotik ditunjukkan pada Tabel berikut :
Mode Wireless Mikrotik
802.11
ROS
802.11
Nstreme
Nv2
station
√
√
√
√
station-wds
√
√
√
station-pseudobridge
√
√
√
station-bridge
√
√
√
Pada Tabel tersebut ada empat mode dan empat spesifikasi protokol
nirkabel dimana masing-masing mode mendukung beberapa spesifikasi
protokol dan ada yang tidak mendukung. Spesifikasi standar protokol IEEE
802.11 mendukung mode station dan station-pseudobridge saja. Pada
spesifikasi protokol ROS 802.11 yang merupakan protokol hak milik khusus
RouterOS Mikrotik mendukung semua mode tersebut.
Pada protokol Nstreme sama seperti ROS 802.11, dimana merupakan protokol
hak milik Mikrotik dan mendukung semua mode. Sedangkan pada Nv2 yang
merupakan perkembangan dari Nstreme yakni Nstreme version 2 mendukung
semua mode kecuali station-pseudobridge.
Demikianlah artikel tentang Penjelasan Wireless Transparent Bridge Mikrotik
yang saya ambilkan sedikit dari isi Laporan Tugas Akhir saya. Semoga
artikel ini dapat menambah pengetahuan baru bagi anda sekalian.
Tolong Laporkan Jika Ada Link Yang Error Atau Gambar Tidak Muncul :) dan mohon untuk mengklik iklan banner untuk kelangsungan blog :)" Sekalian juga untuk biaya sekolah admin nya. :) terimakasih :) EmoticonEmoticon
Tolong Laporkan Jika Ada Link Yang Error Atau Gambar Tidak Muncul :)
dan mohon untuk mengklik iklan banner untuk kelangsungan blog :)"
Sekalian juga untuk biaya sekolah admin nya. :) terimakasih :)
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